{
    "slug": "gss-abortion-2024",
    "source_label": "GSS (2024) — Abortion attitudes battery",
    "source_url": "https:\/\/gss.norc.org\/get-the-data\/",
    "license": "Public domain (NSF-funded, NORC at the University of Chicago)",
    "fielded_at": "2024-06-01",
    "methodology": "survey",
    "n_respondents": 3309,
    "disclosure": {
        "license": "Public domain (NSF-funded). Required citation: Davern, Michael; Bautista, Rene; Freese, Jeremy; Herd, Pamela; and Morgan, Stephen L. General Social Survey 1972-2024. NORC ed., Chicago, 2025.",
        "weights": "Weighted to wtssps (NORC's recommended GSS 2024 post-stratification weight, person-level). Yes-share is the weighted proportion answering 'yes' (= legal abortion should be possible under that condition). Dichotomous → 1-5 SSR mapping via yes_share × 4 + 1.",
        "screener": "GSS uses an address-based national probability sample of U.S. adults 18+. The 2024 cross-section ran mixed-mode (in-person + web push). No content screener — every selected adult is invited regardless of attitudes. Sampling frame and selection probability are documented in the GSS 2024 Codebook R3 (NORC). Six of the seven AB items are on a split-ballot (per-item n ≈ 1,520–1,555); abany is on a larger ballot share (n = 2,140).",
        "fieldwork": "United States, 2024 cross-section. Fieldwork March–November 2024 per the GSS 2024 Codebook R3 (page 1). Modes: in-person and web push (push-to-web for the subsample without prior in-person contact).",
        "coding_rules": "Closed-ended forced-choice, no FGI. No moderator guide. Each respondent rates each condition cell independently in the same wave. The battery has run since 1972 with the same stem and the same value labels; abany was added in 1977. No reverse coding (unlike the LIB battery — yes here is always permissive).",
        "likert_labels": "Dichotomous (codebook value labels, verbatim). 1 = \"yes\". 2 = \"no\". Remapped to the SSR 1-5 scale via yes_share × 4 + 1 so that a higher number reads as more permissive (5.0 ≈ uniformly yes; 1.0 ≈ uniformly no; 3.0 = 50\/50). No 'don't know' \/ 'no answer' is included — those respondents drop from each variable's n.",
        "question_text": "Stem (codebook verbatim): \"Please tell me whether or not you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if…\" followed by each of the seven conditions below. Items are read individually with the condition phrase substituted."
    },
    "questions": [
        {
            "question_template_slot": "gss2024_ab_hlth",
            "prompt_text": "Do you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if the woman's own health is seriously endangered by the pregnancy?",
            "ground_truth_mean": 4.653,
            "ground_truth_ci_lower": 4.597,
            "ground_truth_ci_upper": 4.709,
            "ground_truth_sd": 1.127,
            "ground_truth_skewness": -2.933,
            "ground_truth_shape": "left-skewed",
            "ground_truth_distribution": {
                "1_no_pct": 8.7,
                "5_yes_pct": 91.3
            },
            "n_respondents": 1555,
            "weighting_notes": "Weighted to wtssps (NORC GSS 2024 post-stratification). Yes_share 0.913 → SSR 4.653 (the highest-permissiveness cell in the 2024 wave — life-of-mother). Split-ballot. Distribution as weighted percentages of the two response codes."
        },
        {
            "question_template_slot": "gss2024_ab_rape",
            "prompt_text": "Do you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if she became pregnant as a result of rape?",
            "ground_truth_mean": 4.355,
            "ground_truth_ci_lower": 4.281,
            "ground_truth_ci_upper": 4.428,
            "ground_truth_sd": 1.47,
            "ground_truth_skewness": -1.843,
            "ground_truth_shape": "bimodal-asymmetric",
            "ground_truth_distribution": {
                "1_no_pct": 16.1,
                "5_yes_pct": 83.9
            },
            "n_respondents": 1529,
            "weighting_notes": "Weighted to wtssps. Yes_share 0.839 → SSR 4.355. Split-ballot. Traumatic-condition cell. Distribution as weighted percentages."
        },
        {
            "question_template_slot": "gss2024_ab_defect",
            "prompt_text": "Do you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if there is a strong chance of serious defect in the baby?",
            "ground_truth_mean": 4.144,
            "ground_truth_ci_lower": 4.062,
            "ground_truth_ci_upper": 4.226,
            "ground_truth_sd": 1.641,
            "ground_truth_skewness": -1.395,
            "ground_truth_shape": "bimodal-asymmetric",
            "ground_truth_distribution": {
                "1_no_pct": 21.4,
                "5_yes_pct": 78.6
            },
            "n_respondents": 1526,
            "weighting_notes": "Weighted to wtssps. Yes_share 0.786 → SSR 4.144. Split-ballot. Traumatic-condition cell. Distribution as weighted percentages."
        },
        {
            "question_template_slot": "gss2024_ab_any",
            "prompt_text": "Do you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if the woman wants it for any reason?",
            "ground_truth_mean": 3.318,
            "ground_truth_ci_lower": 3.234,
            "ground_truth_ci_upper": 3.402,
            "ground_truth_sd": 1.974,
            "ground_truth_skewness": -0.321,
            "ground_truth_shape": "multimodal-symmetric",
            "ground_truth_distribution": {
                "1_no_pct": 42,
                "5_yes_pct": 58
            },
            "n_respondents": 2140,
            "weighting_notes": "Weighted to wtssps. Yes_share 0.580 → SSR 3.318. Fielded on a larger ballot share (n = 2,140 vs ~1,530 for the other six). Distribution as weighted percentages."
        },
        {
            "question_template_slot": "gss2024_ab_nomore",
            "prompt_text": "Do you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if she is married and does not want any more children?",
            "ground_truth_mean": 3.19,
            "ground_truth_ci_lower": 3.09,
            "ground_truth_ci_upper": 3.29,
            "ground_truth_sd": 1.991,
            "ground_truth_skewness": -0.192,
            "ground_truth_shape": "multimodal-symmetric",
            "ground_truth_distribution": {
                "1_no_pct": 45.3,
                "5_yes_pct": 54.7
            },
            "n_respondents": 1522,
            "weighting_notes": "Weighted to wtssps. Yes_share 0.547 → SSR 3.190. Split-ballot. Elective cell. Distribution as weighted percentages."
        },
        {
            "question_template_slot": "gss2024_ab_poor",
            "prompt_text": "Do you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if the family has a very low income and cannot afford any more children?",
            "ground_truth_mean": 3.148,
            "ground_truth_ci_lower": 3.048,
            "ground_truth_ci_upper": 3.248,
            "ground_truth_sd": 1.995,
            "ground_truth_skewness": -0.148,
            "ground_truth_shape": "multimodal-symmetric",
            "ground_truth_distribution": {
                "1_no_pct": 46.3,
                "5_yes_pct": 53.7
            },
            "n_respondents": 1531,
            "weighting_notes": "Weighted to wtssps. Yes_share 0.537 → SSR 3.148. Split-ballot. Elective cell. Distribution as weighted percentages."
        },
        {
            "question_template_slot": "gss2024_ab_single",
            "prompt_text": "Do you think it should be possible for a pregnant woman to obtain a legal abortion if she is not married and does not want to marry the man?",
            "ground_truth_mean": 3.064,
            "ground_truth_ci_lower": 2.964,
            "ground_truth_ci_upper": 3.165,
            "ground_truth_sd": 1.999,
            "ground_truth_skewness": -0.064,
            "ground_truth_shape": "multimodal-symmetric",
            "ground_truth_distribution": {
                "1_no_pct": 48.4,
                "5_yes_pct": 51.6
            },
            "n_respondents": 1525,
            "weighting_notes": "Weighted to wtssps. Yes_share 0.516 → SSR 3.064 (the lowest-permissiveness cell in the 2024 wave). Split-ballot. Elective cell. Distribution as weighted percentages."
        }
    ]
}